Research Links
Links & Research Bibliographies
The following provides an index to organizations, publications and other sources of information on so-called "planned", "constructed" or "artificial" international languages and their relevance to general and applied linguistics, sociology, semiotics, political and educational science. Of more than 900 attempts to create such languages, only one, Esperanto, has acquired a world-wide speech community. Esperanto studies are thus a particularly important and active branch of interlinguistics, as this field is generally known.
Most of the information here has been provided in English, which may give a misleading impression of the field of interlinguistics as a whole. Much important work has been done in French, German, Russian, and other major scientific languages, and above all in Esperanto itself. No serious researcher in this field should neglect the material available in these other languages.
BJA-LISTO
A mailing list on "social interlinguistics."
Center for Research and Documentation on World Language Problems
An international research network on interlinguistics and Esperanto studies.
Esperanto and Education
A reference page on educational organizations, programs, courses and research.
Esperanto Documents
A series of short monographs published by the Universal Esperanto Association.
Esperantología e Interlingüística
Esperanto and Interlinguistic information and website links in Spanish compiled by the Virtual Esperanto Library.
Gesellschaft für Interlinguistik
A German language Interlinguistics resource site.
Journals, Newsletters, Bibliographies and Web Sites
Where to look for further information, in print and on line.
Towards an Interlingual Internet
Detailed overview of interlingual resources available on the Internet.
Utilika Foundation
Utilika Foundation advances the philosophy, science, and technology of communication and collaboration among diverse human and artificial agents. Through pure and applied research, publications, and conferences, the foundation participates in the planning for a world of interactivity among human beings everywhere, across all boundaries, and between humans and machines. Utilika Foundation's special interests relate to language diversity and the complexity and ambiguity of human language. The foundation is focusing on strategies that adapt natural languages to achieve ambiguity-controlled and automatically tractable meaning representation and communication in the Semantic Web and other human-machine multiagent systems.
Virtual Esperanto Library
A comprehensive information source on Esperanto.
Miscellanea Interlinguistica
Vera Barandovská-Frank, Introduction to Interlinguistics (textbook in Esperanto)
Chris Bogart, Constructed Human Languages (general index page)
James Chandler, International Auxiliary Languages (index site and classic essays by Jespersen, Sapir and others)
Wolfram Diestel, Online Esperanto Dictionary (in Esperanto)
Daniel Gibbons, Interlinguistic articles by Claude Piron:
- "Linguistic Communication - A Comparative Field Study"
- "Psychological Aspects of the Language Problem"
- "Language Constraints and Human Rights"
- "Learning From Translation Mistakes"
- "The Hidden Perverse Effects of the Current System of International Communication"
- "Et si l'on prenait les handicaps linguistiques au sérieux?"
- "Confession d'un fou européen"
Edmund Grimley-Evans, Online Esperanto Dictionaries and Technical Glossaries (in Esperanto)
Don Harlow, Esperanto Literature on the Web (in Esperanto)
Jouko Lindstedt, "Review of Plena analiza gramatiko de Esperanto" (in Esperanto)
Jouko Lindstedt, Summary of Kees Versteegh's "Esperanto as a First Language: Language Acquisition with a Restricted Input" (Linguistics 31, pp. 539-555)
Jouko Lindstedt, DENASK-L, Esperanto as a First and Family Language (in Esperanto)
LIU Haitao, List of Interlinguists (useful contact information)
Hartmut Traunmuller: course outline in interlinguistics at Stockholm University
Hartmut Traunmuller, "Conversational Maxims and Principles of Language Planning"
Martin Weichert, Esperanto Libraries, Bibliographies and Catalogues (in Esperanto)
Bertil Wennergren, Complete Handbook of Esperanto Grammar (in Esperanto)